A Component is a group of files treated as a single unit by the Writers and VSS. The files that make up a Component are grouped together because they are mutually dependent on one another. For example, in a database, each file serves an important function in the context of the database as a whole, but on its own, a single file from a database has no use. By grouping all of these essential files into a Component, you ensure that all the data needed to successfully back up an application and its related files is backed up and can be restored later.
Each VSS backup must consist of at least one Writer, and each Writer must consist of at least one Component. An individual file cannot be backed up on its own. A file can only be backed up if it is part of a Component. Furthermore, if any of the files comprising a Component are inaccessible when the shadow copy is being created, the backup of the Component will fail.
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